Word list

Word list is covered here in 6 connected parts: Word list, on-page seo checklist: key facts and timeline, on-page seo checklist in the Philippines, List of English signature songs, Coras (spider), Competitor backlinking.

Word list

A word list is a list of words in a lexicon, generally sorted by frequency of occurrence (either by graded levels, or as a ranked list). A word list is compiled by lexical frequency analysis within a given text corpus, and is used in corpus linguistics to investigate genealogies and evolution of languages and texts. A word which appears only once in the corpus is called a hapax legomena.^[1]

Factors

Nation (Nation 1997) noted the incredible help provided by computing capabilities, making corpus analysis much easier. He cited several key issues which influence the construction of frequency lists:^[1]

Lexical unit

In any case, the basic "word" unit should be defined. For Latin scripts, words are usually one or several characters separated either by spaces or punctuation. But exceptions can arise : English "can't" and French "aujourd'hui" include punctuations while French "chateau d'eau" designates a concept different from the simple addition of its components while including a space.^[1]

Statistics

It seems that Zipf's law holds for frequency lists drawn from longer texts of any natural language. Frequency lists are a useful tool when building an electronic dictionary, which is a prerequisite for a wide range of applications in computational linguistics.^[1]

Pedagogy

Those lists are not intended to be given directly to students, but rather to serve as a guideline for teachers and textbook authors (Nation 1997). Paul Nation's modern language teaching summary encourages first to "move from high frequency vocabulary and special purposes [thematic] vocabulary to low frequency vocabulary, then to teach learners strategies to sustain autonomous vocabulary expansion" (Nation 2006).^[1]

Effects of words frequency

Word frequency is known to have various effects (Brysbaert et al. 2011; Rudell 1993). Memorization is positively affected by higher word frequency, likely because the learner is subject to more exposures (Laufer 1997).^[1]

English

Word counting is an ancient field, with known discussion back to Hellenistic time. In 1944, Edward Thorndike, Irvin Lorge and colleagues hand-counted 18,000,000 running words to provide the first large-scale English language frequency list, before modern computers made such projects far easier (Nation 1997). Projects from the twentieth century are now showing their age, especially regarding words relating to technology.^[1]

Spanish

There have been several studies of Spanish word frequency (Cuetos et al. 2011).^[1]

Chinese

Chinese corpora have long been studied from the perspective of frequency lists. The historical way to learn Chinese vocabulary is based on characters frequency (Allanic 2003). American sinologist John DeFrancis mentioned its importance for Chinese as a foreign language learning and teaching in Why Johnny Can't Read Chinese (DeFrancis 1966).^[1]

Other

EZGlot lists the most frequently used words in different languages based on Wikipedia or combined corpora.^[1]

Related: on-page seo checklist: key facts and timeline · on-page seo checklist in the Philippines · List of English signature songs

External references: ^[1][2][3]

on-page seo checklist: key facts and timeline

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Related: Word list · on-page seo checklist in the Philippines · List of English signature songs · SEO contest

on-page seo checklist in the Philippines

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Related: Word list · on-page seo checklist: key facts and timeline · List of English signature songs · SEO contest

List of English signature songs

A signature song is the one song (or, in some cases, one of a few songs) that a popular and well-established recording artist or band is most closely identified with or best known for. This is generally differentiated from a one-hit wonder in that the artist usually has had success with other songs as well. A signature song may be a song that spearheads an artist's initial mainstream breakthrough, a song that revitalizes an artist's career, or a song that simply represents a high point in an artist's career.^[4]

Related: Word list · on-page seo checklist: key facts and timeline · on-page seo checklist in the Philippines

External references: ^[4][5][6]

Coras (spider)

Coras is a genus of funnel weavers first described by Eugène Simon in 1898. It has fifteen described species that occur in eastern North America from Nova Scotia south to Florida. They can be readily distinguished from other genera in the subfamily by their anterior median eyes being larger than the anterior lateral eyes, whereas in other genera the reverse is true, along with a number of more technical reproductive features.^[7]

Related: Word list · on-page seo checklist: key facts and timeline · on-page seo checklist in the Philippines

External references: ^[7][8][9]

Competitor backlinking

Competitor backlinking is a search engine optimization strategy that involves analyzing the backlinks of competing websites within a vertical search. The practice is commonly used to analyze backlink profiles for competitive research. and to gain an understanding of the link-building strategies used by business competitors. Competitor backlinking can provide insights into the types of links that may contribute to higher search engine rankings.^[10]

Related: Word list · on-page seo checklist: key facts and timeline · on-page seo checklist in the Philippines

External references: ^[10][11][12]